A diagram of the process by which spammers use zombie (virus-infected) computers to send spam.

1. Virus writer sends out viruses, infecting ordinary users’ Windows PCs.
2. Infected PCs log into an IRC server or other communications medium, forming a network of infected systems known as a botnet.
3. Spammer purchases access to this botnet from virus writer or a dealer.
4. Spammer sends instructions to the botnet, instructing the infected PCs to send out spam.
5. The infected PCs send the spam messages to Internet users’ mail servers.

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